Quantum-Enhanced Magnetic Induction Tomography for Spatial Resolution and Sensitivity Improvements in Non-Invasive Medical Imaging
At a Glance
Section titled âAt a Glanceâ| Metadata | Details |
|---|---|
| Publication Date | 2025-09-30 |
| Journal | Journal of Information Systems and Technology Research |
| Authors | Abdul Jabbar Lubis, Rachmat Aulia, T. Mohd Diansyah, N. F. Mohd Nasir, Z Zakaria |
| Institutions | Universitas Harapan Medan, Pelita Harapan University |
| Analysis | Full AI Review Included |
Technical Documentation & Analysis: Quantum-Enhanced Magnetic Induction Tomography using NV Diamond
Section titled âTechnical Documentation & Analysis: Quantum-Enhanced Magnetic Induction Tomography using NV DiamondâExecutive Summary
Section titled âExecutive SummaryâThis research demonstrates a transformative application of Nitrogen-Vacancy (NV) centers in diamond for quantum-enhanced Magnetic Induction Tomography (MIT), establishing a new benchmark for non-invasive medical imaging precision.
- Core Technology: Integration of NV centers within ultrapure synthetic diamond substrates to replace conventional induction coils, achieving quantum-mechanical magnetic field detection.
- Resolution Breakthrough: Achieved a 3.5-fold spatial resolution enhancement, enabling the detection of sub-millimeter features down to 0.8 mm, critical for early-stage pathology identification.
- Sensitivity Improvement: Demonstrated a 10-fold increase in conductivity sensitivity, reaching a 0.01 S/m detection threshold, vital for precise tissue characterization.
- Image Quality Metrics: Substantial reconstruction quality improvements, including a 62% reduction in Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and a 28% increase in Structural Similarity Index (SSIM).
- Material Requirements: The system relies on ultrapure diamond optimized for high NV center density (>1015 cm-3) and long coherence times (>100 ”s) to maintain operational stability.
- Clinical Potential: Validated performance with 95% sensitivity and 92% specificity in detecting sub-millimeter tissue anomalies, positioning the technology for next-generation medical diagnostics (oncology, cardiology, neurology).
Technical Specifications
Section titled âTechnical SpecificationsâThe following table summarizes the key performance metrics and material requirements achieved by the quantum-enhanced MIT system utilizing NV diamond sensors.
| Parameter | Value | Unit | Context |
|---|---|---|---|
| Minimum Detectable Feature Size | 0.8 | mm | Quantum MIT (3.5-fold resolution enhancement) |
| Spatial Resolution Cut-off (50% MTF) | 1.4 | lp/mm | Quantum MIT |
| Conductivity Detection Threshold | 0.01 | S/m | 10-fold sensitivity improvement over conventional |
| Sensitivity (Operating Frequencies) | < 15 | pT | Stable across 1 kHz to 1000 kHz range |
| Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) Enhancement | 8.3 ± 0.4 | dB | Consistent improvement factor |
| Image Reconstruction Error (RMSE) | 0.070 | N/A | 62% reduction |
| Structural Similarity Index (SSIM) | 0.924 | N/A | 28% increase in structural preservation |
| Required NV Center Density | > 1015 | cm-3 | Optimized for quantum sensing |
| Required NV Center Coherence Time (T2) | > 100 | ”s | Essential for quantum stability |
| Laser Wavelength (Initialization) | 532 | nm | Diode-pumped solid-state laser |
Key Methodologies
Section titled âKey MethodologiesâThe quantum-enhanced MIT system relies on highly controlled material fabrication and precise operational parameters, summarized below:
- Diamond Substrate Selection: Utilized ultrapure synthetic diamond substrates, essential for minimizing background noise and maximizing quantum coherence.
- NV Center Optimization: Substrates were engineered to contain optimized NV center arrays, achieving a density exceeding 1015 cm-3 and coherence times greater than 100 ”s.
- Optical Initialization: A 532 nm diode-pumped solid-state laser (100 mW output, ±0.1 nm stability) was used for NV center optical initialization.
- Fluorescence Collection: High-numerical-aperture (NA=0.9) microscope objectives were employed for efficient fluorescence collection, achieving >80% photon capture efficiency.
- Spin Manipulation: NV spin states were precisely manipulated using a radiofrequency antenna array operating in the 1-3 GHz range with <1° phase accuracy.
- Magnetic Field Control: A three-axis magnetic field control system provided ”T-level field regulation, crucial for quantum state preparation and stability.
- Environmental Control: Sophisticated environmental control maintained constant temperature (22° ± 1°C) and utilized specialized Faraday cages to achieve >80 dB electromagnetic shielding (DC to 1 GHz).
6CCVD Solutions & Capabilities
Section titled â6CCVD Solutions & CapabilitiesâThe successful replication and advancement of this quantum-enhanced MIT technology are fundamentally dependent on the quality and customization of the diamond substrate. 6CCVD is uniquely positioned to supply the necessary materials and engineering services.
Applicable Materials
Section titled âApplicable MaterialsâTo achieve the reported 3.5-fold resolution enhancement and 10-fold sensitivity, the research requires diamond materials with exceptional purity and precise NV engineering:
- Optical Grade SCD (Single Crystal Diamond): Required for the high-efficiency optical initialization (532 nm laser) and fluorescence collection. 6CCVD provides SCD with ultra-low nitrogen content and minimal strain, ensuring low birefringence and maximum photon transmission.
- Optimized NV-Doped SCD: 6CCVD specializes in controlled nitrogen implantation and annealing processes to achieve the high NV density (>1015 cm-3) and long T2 coherence times (>100 ”s) necessary for quantum sensing applications. We offer tailored doping profiles to optimize sensor performance relative to the target depth.
Customization Potential
Section titled âCustomization PotentialâThe integration of NV sensors into a complex tomographic system demands highly customized material specifications, all of which are standard offerings at 6CCVD:
| Requirement from Paper | 6CCVD Capability | Technical Advantage |
|---|---|---|
| Custom Sensor Dimensions | Plates/wafers up to 125mm (PCD) and custom SCD sizes. | Ensures optimal fit for integrated NV center arrays and compatibility with high-NA microscope objectives. |
| Surface Quality | Polishing to Ra < 1nm (SCD). | Critical for minimizing laser scattering losses and maximizing fluorescence signal collection efficiency (>80%). |
| Thickness Control | SCD thickness control from 0.1”m to 500”m. | Allows precise positioning of the NV layer relative to the sample surface for optimal magnetic field coupling and spatial resolution. |
| Integrated Electrodes/Antennas | Custom metalization services (Au, Pt, Pd, Ti, W, Cu). | Enables direct fabrication of RF antenna arrays (1-3 GHz operation) and control electrodes onto the diamond surface for precise spin manipulation. |
| High-Purity Substrates | SCD substrates with ultra-low impurity levels. | Guarantees the long T2 coherence times (>100 ”s) required for robust quantum sensing performance in clinical environments. |
Engineering Support
Section titled âEngineering Supportâ6CCVDâs in-house PhD team possesses deep expertise in diamond growth kinetics, NV center physics, and quantum sensor integration. We can assist researchers and engineers with material selection, doping optimization, and surface preparation protocols for similar Quantum-Enhanced Medical Imaging projects, ensuring rapid transition from laboratory demonstration to clinical prototype.
Call to Action: For custom specifications or material consultation regarding high-ppurity SCD, tailored NV doping, or integrated metalization schemes for quantum sensing applications, visit 6ccvd.com or contact our engineering team directly.
View Original Abstract
Traditional Magnetic Induction Tomography (MIT) systems demonstrate limited spatial resolution and detection sensitivity when analyzing complex conductivity distributions in biological tissues. This research investigates the integration of Nitrogen-Vacancy (NV) centers in diamond substrates to overcome these fundamental limitations. The primary objectives include: (1) developing a quantum-enhanced MIT system with superior magnetic field detection capabilities, (2) quantifying performance improvements in spatial resolution and sensitivity compared to conventional approaches, (3) validating system effectiveness through controlled phantom studies and biological tissue analysis, and (4) establishing technological foundations for next-generation medical imaging applications. This study presents the first comprehensive implementation of quantum sensing technology in tomographic imaging applications. Novel contributions include: development of an integrated NV-center based magnetic field detection system, achievement of 0.8 mm minimum detectable feature size representing 3.5-fold resolution enhancement, demonstration of 0.01 S/m conductivity detection threshold showing 10-fold sensitivity improvement, and validation of 62% reconstruction error reduction with 28% structural similarity enhancement. The quantum-enhanced approach establishes new paradigms for early disease detection and precision medicine applications, providing unprecedented imaging capabilities for medical diagnostics, material characterization, and geophysical exploration. Results demonstrate transformative potential for clinical implementation with 95% sensitivity and 92% specificity in detecting sub-millimeter tissue anomalies