DEVELOPMENT OF THE METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE CONTENT OF THE SYNTHETIC DYE DIAMOND BLUE FCF IN THE SORPTION MATERIAL BY THE HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY METHOD
At a Glance
Section titled âAt a Glanceâ| Metadata | Details |
|---|---|
| Publication Date | 2023-04-27 |
| Journal | Medical and Clinical Chemistry |
| Authors | Đ.Đ. Borysenko, Đ. Đ. ĐĐœŃĐŸĐœĐ”ĐœĐșĐŸ, S. M. Holoborodko, K. P. Antonyuk, D. S. Milokhov |
| Citations | 1 |
| Analysis | Full AI Review Included |
Technical Documentation & Analysis: Diamond Materials for Advanced Analytical Chemistry
Section titled âTechnical Documentation & Analysis: Diamond Materials for Advanced Analytical ChemistryâExecutive Summary
Section titled âExecutive SummaryâThis research details the development of a novel High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) method for quantifying the synthetic tracer dye, Diamond Blue FCF, in sorption materials (filter paper). This analytical technique is critical for risk assessment and hygienic regulation related to pesticide application via Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs).
- Core Achievement: Establishment of optimal conditions for reversed-phase HPLC with Spectrophotometric (SP) detection to determine Diamond Blue FCF content.
- Application Focus: Supporting the evaluation of effectiveness and safety of UAV-based pesticide spraying technologies in agriculture.
- Methodology: Utilizes a three-stage process: extraction with distilled water, solid-phase extraction (SPE) using C18 cartridges, and gradient HPLC analysis.
- Sensitivity: The method successfully measures FCF content in the range of 0.125 to 1.25 ”g/dm2.
- Analytical Stability: Achieved a stable retention time of 5.5 ± 0.1 minutes using a steel C18 column thermostatted at 30 °C.
- 6CCVD Relevance: The high-precision analytical environment required for this research (HPLC, SP detection) benefits significantly from the thermal management and chemical inertness provided by 6CCVDâs Single Crystal Diamond (SCD) and Boron-Doped Diamond (BDD) materials, particularly for next-generation sensor integration.
Technical Specifications
Section titled âTechnical SpecificationsâThe following hard data points were extracted from the research paper detailing the optimized HPLC conditions for Diamond Blue FCF quantification.
| Parameter | Value | Unit | Context |
|---|---|---|---|
| Detection Range (FCF Content) | 0.125 to 1.25 | ”g/dm2 | Quantified content in sorption material |
| HPLC Column Dimensions | 150/4.6 | mm | Microsorb 100-5 C18 steel column |
| Pre-column Dimensions | 4/3 | mm | Microsorb 100-5 C18 steel pre-column |
| Column Thermostat Temperature | 30 | °C | Optimized operating temperature |
| Diode Array Detector Wavelength | 620 | nm | Wavelength used for FCF detection |
| Mobile Phase Flow Rate | 1.0 | ml/min | Volumetric flow rate |
| Sample Injection Volume | 10 | ”l | Volume introduced into the chromatograph |
| Retention Time (FCF) | 5.5 ± 0.1 | minutes | Under specified gradient conditions |
| SPE Cartridge Particle Size | 55 | ”m | Strata⹠C18-e sorbent |
| SPE Cartridge Temperature (Max) | 40 | °C | Water bath temperature during solvent evaporation |
Key Methodologies
Section titled âKey MethodologiesâThe developed method for determining Diamond Blue FCF content in the sorption material (filter paper) relies on a precise, four-stage analytical workflow:
-
Preparation for Extraction:
- Sorption material (filter paper, 2 dm2 area) is crushed and extracted twice using distilled water (50 ml + 10 ml wash).
- The combined extract is acidified using 1 M aqueous sulfuric acid until the pH is set to †2.
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Solid Phase Extraction (SPE):
- The acidified extract is applied to a Strata⹠C18-e cartridge (55 ”m, 500 mg/6 ml).
- The cartridge is washed with 10 ml of bidistilled water.
- FCF is eluted using 3 ml of 2% (v/v) aqueous ammonia solution in methanol.
- The eluate is evaporated on a rotary evaporator at †40 °C to a volume of 0.2-0.3 ml, followed by complete evaporation in air.
-
Chromatography Performing (HPLC-SP):
- The dry residue is dissolved in 1 ml of bidistilled water for a final sample volume of 1 ml.
- System: Shimadzu liquid chromatograph with diode array detector.
- Mobile Phase: Gradient mode using Eluent A (acetonitrile) and Eluent B (0.1% aqueous orthophosphoric acid).
- Conditions: Column temperature 30 °C, flow rate 1.0 ml/min, detection at 620 nm.
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Calculation of Content:
- Diamond Blue FCF peak areas (Sn) are determined from the chromatograms.
- Content (pn, ”g/dm2) is calculated using regression coefficients (a, b), final extract volume (Vpr), and sample area (S).
6CCVD Solutions & Capabilities
Section titled â6CCVD Solutions & CapabilitiesâThe high-precision requirements of HPLC and spectrophotometric detection demand materials with exceptional thermal stability, chemical inertness, and specific electronic properties. 6CCVD specializes in providing custom MPCVD diamond solutions that enhance the performance and longevity of advanced analytical instrumentation.
| Category | 6CCVD Solution | Relevance to HPLC/Detection Research |
|---|---|---|
| Applicable Materials | Heavy Boron-Doped Diamond (BDD) | BDD electrodes offer unparalleled stability and sensitivity for advanced analytical techniques like HPLC-Electrochemical Detection (HPLC-ECD), providing a robust alternative or complement to SP detection for trace pesticide analysis. |
| High Purity Optical Grade SCD | Ideal for chemically inert optical windows, flow cells, and detector components requiring high transparency and stability at the 620 nm detection wavelength used in this study. | |
| Thermal Management Grade PCD | Custom PCD substrates (up to 125mm) provide superior heat spreading (up to 2000 W/mK), crucial for maintaining the precise 30 °C column temperature and ensuring stability in the diode array detector. | |
| Customization Potential | Custom Dimensions & Thickness | 6CCVD provides SCD/PCD plates up to 125mm in custom shapes and thicknesses (SCD: 0.1”m - 500”m; PCD: 0.1”m - 500”m), allowing for seamless integration into proprietary analytical hardware designs. |
| Precision Polishing | SCD surfaces polished to Ra < 1nm ensure minimal light scattering and optimal performance for optical components within the spectrophotometric detector. | |
| Custom Metalization | Internal capability for depositing Au, Pt, Pd, Ti, W, and Cu layers, essential for creating functional BDD electrodes or for bonding diamond heat spreaders to sensitive detector chips. | |
| Engineering Support | In-House PhD Team Consultation | 6CCVDâs experts can assist researchers in selecting and designing diamond components (e.g., BDD flow cells or SCD optical elements) to replicate or extend this research into more complex environmental monitoring and hygienic regulation projects. |
| Global Logistics | Worldwide Shipping | Global shipping (DDU default, DDP available) ensures prompt delivery of custom diamond materials to research facilities conducting critical pre-registration trials and scientific research globally. |
For custom specifications or material consultation, visit 6ccvd.com or contact our engineering team directly.
View Original Abstract
Introduction. To date, the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in Ukraine for the agricultural lands treatment is a new promising technology that requires detailed study and development of approaches to risk assessment and hygienic regulation. Development of a method that will allow measuring the content of diamond blue FCF in the sorption material (filter paper) is relevant. The aim of the study - development of the method for determining the content of the synthetic dye diamond blue FCF in the sorption material by the high-performance liquid chromatography method. Research Methods. The following materials were used: laboratory analytical balance RadwagÂź AS220.R2, rotary evaporator, cartridge Strataâą C18-e (55 ÎŒm, 70 °Х) 500 mg/6 ml, f. Phenomenex, steel chromatographic column 150/4.6 Microsorb 100-5 C18, pre-column chromatographic 4/3 Microsorb 100-5 C18, liquid chromatograph âShimadzuâ with a diode array detector, Diamond blue FCF, standard, 87.7, paper filters de-ashed âred ribbonâ. Results and Discussion. At the first stage of the research, samples were taken and prepared. For analysis, 2 parallel samples were taken. The next stage was the preparation of the sample for introduction into the chromatograph. The third stage was chromatography performing. At the final stage, the diamond blue FCF peak areas were determined and calculated on the chromatograms. The indicated method of determining the content of diamond blue FCF in the sorption material (filter paper) includes extraction of the dye from the sorption material (filter paper) with distilled water; solid-phase extraction and quantification of diamond blue FCF by reversed-phase HPLC with SF detection. This method differs from the known ones in that it makes it possible to determine the investigated dye in the sorption material. Conclusion. The proposed method of containing diamond blue FCF in the sorption material (filter paper) will allow to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the use of various models of UAVs in combination with various pesticide preparations when using different agrotechnical characteristics at the stage of pre-registration trials and scientific research.