Effect of Cavity Disinfection Protocols on Microtensile Bond Strength of Universal Adhesive to Dentin
At a Glance
Section titled âAt a Glanceâ| Metadata | Details |
|---|---|
| Publication Date | 2022-05-10 |
| Journal | Odovtos - International Journal of Dental Sciences |
| Authors | Dilber Bilgili Can, AyĆe DĂŒndar, ĂaÄatay Barutçugil |
| Institutions | Van YĂŒzĂŒncĂŒ Yıl Ăniversitesi, Akdeniz University |
| Citations | 4 |
| Analysis | Full AI Review Included |
Technical Documentation & Analysis: Precision Material Processing in Advanced Research
Section titled âTechnical Documentation & Analysis: Precision Material Processing in Advanced ResearchâThis document analyzes the research paper, âEffect of Cavity Disinfection Protocols on Microtensile Bond Strength of Universal Adhesive to Dentin,â focusing on the material science methodologies and connecting them directly to the advanced capabilities and product offerings of 6CCVD.
Executive Summary
Section titled âExecutive SummaryâThis study investigates the impact of various cavity disinfection protocols (Chlorhexidine, Ozone, Er,Cr:YSGG Laser) on the microtensile bond strength (”TBS) of an MDP-containing universal adhesive to dentin. The methodology relies heavily on precision material preparation, a core competency of 6CCVDâs diamond products.
- Core Finding: All disinfection protocols significantly decreased the resin-dentin bond strength compared to the untreated control group (35.13 MPa).
- Lowest Bond Strength: The Er,Cr:YSGG Laser group exhibited the lowest ”TBS (19.25 MPa), attributed to thermal effects causing collagen denaturation and insufficient adhesive diffusion.
- Methodological Requirement: The study required extremely precise sample preparation, including standardized surface polishing (600-grit SiC) and micro-sectioning using a low-speed diamond saw to create 1 mmÂČ beams.
- 6CCVD Relevance: The need for high-precision cutting tools and standardized surface finishing directly aligns with 6CCVDâs expertise in providing high-quality Polycrystalline Diamond (PCD) and Single Crystal Diamond (SCD) materials for advanced tooling and metrology.
- Laser Application: The use of the Er,Cr:YSGG laser (2780 nm) highlights the demand for robust, high-purity optical materials, a key application area for 6CCVDâs Optical Grade SCD.
Technical Specifications
Section titled âTechnical Specificationsâ| Parameter | Value | Unit | Context |
|---|---|---|---|
| Highest ”TBS (Control) | 35.13 ± 6.20 | MPa | Untreated dentin surface |
| Lowest ”TBS (Laser) | 19.25 ± 4.66 | MPa | Er,Cr:YSGG Laser treated dentin |
| CHX ”TBS | 23.07 ± 7.01 | MPa | Chlorhexidine treated dentin |
| Ozone ”TBS | 27.53 ± 5.83 | MPa | Ozone treated dentin |
| Laser Wavelength | 2780 | nm | Er,Cr:YSGG Laser irradiation |
| Laser Power | 0.75 | Watts | Used for cavity disinfection |
| Laser Pulse Duration | 140 | ”s | Applied during irradiation |
| Laser Tip Diameter | 600 | ”m | Sapphire tip used 1 mm from surface |
| Sample Cross Section | 1 x 1 | mmÂČ | Area for microtensile bond strength (”TBS) testing |
| Polishing Standard | 600 | grit | Silicon carbide paper used to create standardized smear layer |
| Storage Temperature | 37 | °C | Distilled water immersion for 24 hours |
| CLSM Wavelengths | 543 and 489 | nm | HeNe1 and Argon/2 lasers used for imaging |
Key Methodologies
Section titled âKey MethodologiesâThe study employed stringent material preparation and testing protocols, relying on precision diamond tooling and advanced laser systems.
- Dentin Preparation: Extracted mandibular third molars were sectioned horizontally at the mid-coronal using a low-speed diamond-impregnated disk under water cooling to expose flat dentin surfaces.
- Surface Standardization: Exposed dentin surfaces were wet-polished for 60 seconds with 600-grit silicon carbide paper to create a standardized smear layer.
- Disinfection Protocols: Samples were divided into four groups:
- Control (No treatment).
- CHX (2% chlorhexidine gluconate solution applied for 20s, air-dried for 10s).
- Ozone (Dental ozone generator applied for 30s).
- Laser (Er,Cr:YSGG laser, 2780 nm, 0.75 W, 140 ”s pulse duration, 600 ”m tip, applied five times for 10s intervals).
- Adhesive Application: G-Premio Bond (MDP-containing universal adhesive) was applied in self-etch mode, followed by light curing (1000 mW/cmÂČ for 10s).
- Composite Build-up: Composite resin (Charisma Smart) was applied incrementally (2 mm increments) to a total height of 5 mm and light-cured (20s per increment).
- Microtensile Bond Strength (”TBS) Testing: Samples were sectioned into 1 mmÂČ cross-sectional beams (n=20 per group). ”TBS was measured at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min.
- Microscopy Analysis: Failure modes were determined using a stereomicroscope (40x). Resin penetration was analyzed using Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM) with Rhodamine B dye.
6CCVD Solutions & Capabilities
Section titled â6CCVD Solutions & CapabilitiesâThe research highlights the critical role of precision material processing and high-performance optical componentsâareas where 6CCVD provides world-class CVD diamond solutions.
Applicable Materials
Section titled âApplicable MaterialsâTo replicate or extend this research, particularly in areas requiring extreme precision, thermal management, or advanced optical interaction studies, 6CCVD recommends the following materials:
| Research Requirement | 6CCVD Material Solution | Key Benefit & Application |
|---|---|---|
| Precision Cutting/Grinding | Polycrystalline Diamond (PCD) Plates | Ideal for manufacturing high-wear, low-vibration diamond saw blades and grinding wheels (like the low-speed diamond saw used) for standardized, repeatable sample preparation (e.g., 1 mmÂČ beams). |
| High-Power Mid-IR Laser Optics | Optical Grade Single Crystal Diamond (SCD) | Essential for components (windows, output couplers) in high-power Er,Cr:YSGG laser systems (2780 nm). SCD offers superior thermal conductivity and low absorption at mid-IR wavelengths, preventing thermal damage and ensuring stable power delivery. |
| Advanced Microscopy Substrates | Thin Film Optical Grade SCD | SCD wafers (down to 0.1 ”m thickness) with Ra < 1 nm polishing are perfect for use as transparent windows or substrates in advanced CLSM or high-resolution optical setups, minimizing background interference. |
| Boron Doped Diamond (BDD) | Heavy Boron Doped PCD/SCD | While not used in this specific study, BDD is critical for electrochemical disinfection research, offering a stable, highly efficient electrode material for generating ozone or other reactive species in situ for advanced disinfection protocols. |
Customization Potential
Section titled âCustomization PotentialâThe study required precise 1 mmÂČ beams and standardized surface preparation. 6CCVDâs manufacturing capabilities ensure that researchers can obtain materials tailored exactly to their experimental needs:
- Custom Dimensions: 6CCVD provides PCD plates and SCD wafers up to 125 mm in diameter, allowing for the creation of large, uniform substrates for high-throughput material testing.
- Ultra-Precision Polishing: We offer polishing services achieving surface roughness (Ra) of < 1 nm for SCD and < 5 nm for inch-size PCD. This level of flatness and finish is crucial for minimizing scattering and ensuring accurate CLSM analysis of the resin-dentin interface (or any material interface).
- Custom Metalization: For studies involving electrical or thermal interfaces (e.g., BDD electrodes, thermal sensors near laser interaction zones), 6CCVD offers internal metalization capabilities (Au, Pt, Pd, Ti, W, Cu) tailored to specific bonding or contact requirements.
Engineering Support
Section titled âEngineering SupportâThe observed decrease in bond strength due to laser-induced thermal damage (collagen denaturation) highlights the complexity of material-energy interactions. 6CCVDâs in-house PhD team specializes in understanding the thermal, mechanical, and optical properties of diamond.
We can assist researchers and engineers in similar projects involving:
- Thermal Management: Selecting optimal diamond materials for heat spreading and dissipation in high-power laser delivery systems to prevent material degradation.
- Precision Surface Finishing: Consulting on the optimal polishing techniques and surface roughness requirements for reproducible material bonding and interface analysis.
- Material Selection: Guiding the choice between SCD and PCD based on required optical transparency, thermal conductivity, and mechanical strength for specific [Dental/Biomedical Laser Interaction] projects.
For custom specifications or material consultation, visit 6ccvd.com or contact our engineering team directly.
View Original Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of different disinfection protocols of dentin on bond strength of an MDP-containing universal adhesive. Twelve extracted mandibular third molars were separated horizontally at the mid-coronal of crown to get smooth and sound dentin surfaces using low-speed diamond saw. The teeth were randomly fallen into four groups: chlorhexidine (CHX), ozone, Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation (LASER) and no treatment (control). After cavity disinfection application, a universal adhesive (G-Premio Bond) was applied to the surface of dentin according to self-etch mode as instructed by the manufacturer. After incremental built-up of composite resin (Charisma Smart), the specimens were immersed in distilled water at 37°C for 24h. Dentin/composite beams with 1 mmÂČ cross sectional area were produced and micro-tensile bond strength (”TBS) was applied on these beams (n=20). Failure mods were determined under a stereomicroscope at Ă40. The resin penetration of samples stained with Rhodamine B fluorochrome dye was examined with a confocal laser scanning microscope. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS-22. Test results were analyzed using One-way Anova and Tukey HSD Post-Hoc tests (p<0.05). The ”TBS value of control (35.13±6.20) was the highest statistically among the groups (p<0.05). The lowest ”TBS were obtained by LASER (19.25±4.66) and CHX (23.07±7.01). There was no significant difference between CHX and LASER, and between CHX and ozone (p>0.5). All applications of cavity disinfection procedures decreased the ”TBS of the resin-dentin interface.