Skip to content

Nonadiabatic geometric gates with a superconducting qubit

MetadataDetails
Publication Date2021-03-05
JournalScience China Physics Mechanics and Astronomy
AuthorsGui‐Lu Long
InstitutionsTsinghua University
Citations2
AnalysisFull AI Review Included

Technical Documentation & Analysis: Nonadiabatic Geometric Gates in Quantum Computing

Section titled “Technical Documentation & Analysis: Nonadiabatic Geometric Gates in Quantum Computing”

This document analyzes the research on nonadiabatic geometric gates, highlighting the critical role of high-purity diamond materials—a core offering of 6CCVD—in advancing fault-tolerant quantum computing architectures.


  • Core Value Proposition: The research successfully demonstrates a high-fidelity method for implementing quantum gates, crucial for achieving fault-tolerant quantum computation.
  • Key Achievement: Experimental implementation of nonadiabatic geometric gates using only the two lowest energy levels of a superconducting transmon qubit.
  • Fidelity Benchmark: The method achieved an impressive average gate fidelity of up to 99.6%, surpassing the performance of dynamic gates in the same system.
  • Coherence Improvement: By avoiding the short coherence time associated with the second excited state, the researchers significantly enhanced the reliability of the resultant gates.
  • Gate Set Demonstrated: A comprehensive set of one-qubit gates was realized, including the Identity (I), Hadamard (H), and various rotation gates (Rx,y,z).
  • Diamond Relevance: This work reinforces the viability of geometric gate schemes, which have been previously demonstrated in solid-state platforms like Nitrogen-Vacancy (NV) centers in diamond [3, 4].
  • 6CCVD Connection: 6CCVD provides the ultra-high purity Single Crystal Diamond (SCD) substrates necessary for developing high-coherence NV center quantum processors.

The following table summarizes the key performance metrics and system parameters extracted from the research analysis:

ParameterValueUnitContext
Achieved Average Gate Fidelity99.6%Higher fidelity than dynamic gates
Qubit System PlatformSuperconducting TransmonN/AUsed for experimental implementation
Qubit Levels UtilizedTwo (Lowest)N/AAvoids short coherence time of the second excited state
Demonstrated Gate TypesOne-Qubit Quantum GatesN/AIdentity (I), Hadamard (H), Rotations (Rx,y,z)
Specific Rotation GatesRx($\pi$), Rx($\pi$/2), Ry($\pi$), Ry($\pi$/2), Rz($\pi$), Rz($\pi$/2)N/AFull set of rotation operations
Gate SchemeNonadiabatic GeometricN/AHolonomic approach for fault tolerance

The experimental approach focused on leveraging the robustness of geometric phases while mitigating system-specific coherence limitations:

  1. System Selection: Utilizing a superconducting transmon qubit, a common platform for quantum information processing.
  2. Geometric Gate Implementation: Applying nonadiabatic geometric gates, which are inherently more robust against certain types of local errors compared to purely dynamic gates.
  3. Coherence Optimization: Strategically restricting the quantum operations to the two lowest energy levels of the transmon qubit.
  4. Auxiliary Level Avoidance: This restriction successfully avoided the use of the second excited state, which typically exhibits a relatively short coherence time, thereby boosting overall gate fidelity.
  5. Cyclic Evolution: Implementing the geometric gates through the cyclic evolution of the qubit state, which is the physical mechanism underlying the geometric phase.
  6. Fidelity Validation: Demonstrating that the fidelity of the resulting geometric gates is measurably higher than that of comparable dynamic gates.

This research, while focused on superconducting qubits, directly supports the need for high-fidelity quantum gates, a challenge also faced by solid-state quantum platforms like diamond NV centers. 6CCVD is positioned as the premier supplier of the foundational diamond materials required for this research area.

Category6CCVD Solution & Value Proposition
Applicable MaterialsOptical Grade Single Crystal Diamond (SCD): The referenced literature confirms that nonadiabatic holonomic gates are also demonstrated using Nitrogen-Vacancy (NV) centers in diamond. 6CCVD specializes in ultra-high purity, low-strain SCD substrates (Type IIa, [N] < 1 ppb) essential for maximizing NV center coherence time and achieving high gate fidelity in solid-state quantum systems.
Custom DimensionsLarge Area Substrates: We provide SCD plates up to 10x10 mm and Polycrystalline Diamond (PCD) wafers up to 125 mm, enabling the scaling of quantum device fabrication.
Precision PolishingQuantum-Ready Surface Finish: Our SCD substrates are polished to an industry-leading surface roughness of Ra < 1 nm. This ultra-smooth finish is critical for minimizing scattering losses and surface defects that degrade NV center performance and integration with photonic structures.
Thickness ControlTailored Layer Depth: 6CCVD offers precise thickness control for SCD layers from 0.1 ”m up to 500 ”m, allowing engineers to optimize the depth of NV implantation or growth for specific quantum sensing or computing applications.
Integration ServicesCustom Metalization: For hybrid quantum systems requiring integrated control circuitry or microwave delivery, 6CCVD offers in-house metalization services, including deposition of Au, Pt, Pd, Ti, W, and Cu stacks, optimized for cryogenic operation.
Engineering Support6CCVD’s in-house PhD team provides expert consultation on material selection, orientation (e.g., <100> or <111>), and purity requirements necessary to replicate or extend high-coherence NV Center Quantum Computing projects.

For custom specifications or material consultation, visit 6ccvd.com or contact our engineering team directly.