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Correlation dynamics of nitrogen vacancy centers located in crystal cavities

MetadataDetails
Publication Date2020-10-06
JournalScientific Reports
AuthorsAbdel‐Haleem Abdel‐Aty, Heba Kadry, A.‐B. A. Mohamed, Hichem Eleuch
InstitutionsSohag University, University of Sharjah
Citations23
AnalysisFull AI Review Included

Technical Documentation & Analysis: Correlation Dynamics in N-V Diamond Systems

Section titled “Technical Documentation & Analysis: Correlation Dynamics in N-V Diamond Systems”

Source Paper: Correlation dynamics of nitrogen vacancy centers located in crystal cavities (Scientific Reports, 2020)


This research investigates the generation and control of non-classical correlations (NCCs) between two Nitrogen-Vacancy (N-V) centers embedded within separated single-mode photonic crystal (PC) nanocavities. The findings validate the critical role of high-quality diamond materials in advanced quantum information technology.

  • Core Application: Demonstrates the potential of N-V centers in diamond as robust quantum memory and quantum information processing elements, leveraging their stability and long decoherence times.
  • System Modeling: The dynamics of the open quantum system are mathematically modeled using a time-dependent Schrödinger equation and a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian, accounting for dissipation (decay rates).
  • Correlation Metrics: NCCs are rigorously quantified using multiple measures: Log-Negativity (entanglement), Local Quantum Uncertainty (LQU), Uncertainty Induced Non-locality (UIN), and the Maximum Bell Function (MBF).
  • Control Mechanism: The study confirms that the dynamics and robustness of NCCs are highly sensitive to system parameters, specifically the N-V center/cavity coupling strength ($\tilde{g}$), the cavity-cavity hopping constant ($J$), and the decay rate ($\chi$).
  • Key Achievement: Large amounts of quantum correlations (maximal Bell violation $M(t) = 2\sqrt{2}$) are achieved under specific coupling conditions, proving the feasibility of controlling quantum state transfer fidelity.
  • Material Requirement: Successful replication and extension of this work require ultra-high purity, low-defect Single Crystal Diamond (SCD) substrates suitable for nanoscale photonic integration.

The following parameters and achieved correlation values were extracted from the numerical analysis of the N-V center/nanocavity system dynamics:

ParameterValueUnitContext
Material SystemN-V Centers in DiamondCrystal DefectRecommended for quantum storage (stability, long decoherence time).
Coupling Regime 1 (Large Coupling)$J = 0.1\tilde{g}$RatioNV-Cavity coupling strength ($\tilde{g}$) dominates hopping ($J$).
Coupling Regime 2 (Competition)$J = \tilde{g}$RatioNV-Cavity coupling equals hopping interaction.
Coupling Regime 3 (Large Hopping)$J = 10\tilde{g}$RatioCavity-cavity hopping dominates NV-Cavity coupling.
Decay Rate (Low Dissipation)$\chi = 0.0$RatioIdealized scenario (zero decay).
Decay Rate (High Dissipation)$\chi = 0.1\tilde{g}$RatioRealistic open system scenario.
Maximum Log-Negativity (N(t))1.0DimensionlessAchieved in large coupling case ($\tilde{g} \gg J$, $\chi=0.0$).
Maximum Bell Function (M(t))$2\sqrt{2}$ (approx. 2.828)DimensionlessMaximal violation of Bell’s inequality, indicating strong non-classical correlation.
Decay Effect on NCCsDestructiveQualitativeDecay rate ($\chi$) causes correlations to deteriorate and vanish completely over time.

The research employed a rigorous theoretical and numerical approach to model the quantum dynamics of the N-V system:

  1. Physical System Definition: Modeled two N-V centers (A-type three-level structure) placed in two spatially separated single-mode photonic crystal nanocavities.
  2. Hamiltonian Construction: The total system Hamiltonian ($\hat{H}$) was formulated in the interaction picture, comprising three components:
    • N-V Center/Cavity Interaction ($\hat{H}_{NV-C}$), governed by coupling strength $\tilde{g}$.
    • Cavity-Cavity Hopping ($\hat{H}_{h}$), governed by constant $J$.
    • Dissipative Evolution ($\hat{H}_{d}$), modeled using a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian.
  3. Dissipation Parameters: Decay rates included $\gamma_{j}$ (j-cavity decay) and $\kappa_{j}$ (spontaneous decay from N-V excited state).
  4. State Solution: The time-dependent Schrödinger equation was solved numerically to determine the final state wave function $\vert\Psi(t)\rangle$.
  5. Density Matrix Extraction: Reduced density matrices for the two N-V centers ($\rho_{N-V}(t)$) and the two nanocavities ($\rho_{Cav}(t)$) were calculated via partial trace.
  6. Correlation Analysis: The dynamics of NCCs were analyzed by plotting the time evolution of four quantifiers: Log-Negativity (N(t)), Local Quantum Uncertainty (L(t)), Uncertainty Induced Non-locality (U(t)), and Maximum Bell Function (M(t)).

The successful implementation and advancement of N-V center quantum systems, as detailed in this paper, rely fundamentally on high-quality diamond materials and precise fabrication capabilities. 6CCVD is uniquely positioned to supply the necessary materials and engineering support.

Research Requirement6CCVD Solution & CapabilityTechnical Advantage & Sales Driver
Applicable MaterialsOptical Grade Single Crystal Diamond (SCD)Our MPCVD-grown SCD offers ultra-low nitrogen and defect concentrations, ensuring maximum N-V center stability and achieving the long decoherence times essential for quantum memory applications cited in the research.
Photonic Crystal IntegrationPrecision Polishing (Ra < 1 nm)Photonic crystal (PC) fabrication requires extremely smooth surfaces. 6CCVD guarantees SCD surfaces polished to $R_{a} < 1$ nm, enabling high-fidelity lithography and etching for nanoscale cavity creation.
Custom DimensionsCustom Plates/Wafers up to 125mmWe provide SCD and PCD plates in custom dimensions up to 125mm, with precise thickness control (SCD: 0.1 ”m to 500 ”m), allowing researchers to scale up device integration or match specific PC design requirements.
Electrical/Optical ControlIn-House Custom MetalizationFor future experiments requiring electrical control of the N-V spin states or integrated waveguides, 6CCVD offers internal metalization services (Au, Pt, Pd, Ti, W, Cu) tailored to precise device geometries.
Advanced Material OptionsBoron-Doped Diamond (BDD)For extending this research into conductive quantum architectures (e.g., integrated electronics or electrochemical sensing), we offer BDD materials with controlled doping levels.
Engineering SupportIn-House PhD Team Consultation6CCVD’s expert material scientists can assist with material selection, defect engineering (e.g., controlled N-V creation), and optimization of diamond specifications for similar N-V quantum correlation projects.
LogisticsGlobal Shipping (DDU/DDP)We ensure reliable, timely delivery of sensitive materials worldwide, minimizing delays in critical quantum research timelines.

For custom specifications or material consultation, visit 6ccvd.com or contact our engineering team directly.